Niamh Harris News

The Saudis’ exit from the petro-dollar is a major blow to the United States and to USD hegemony!

It will however allow Saudi Arabia to sell oil, as well as other goods, in multiple currencies including the Chinese RMB, Euros, Yen, and Yuan, instead of exclusively in US dollars.

TBS News reports: Originally signed on 8 June 1974, the deal established two joint commissions, one based on economic cooperation and the other on Saudi Arabia’s military needs. At the time, it was said that it heralded an era of close cooperation between the two countries, says Katja Hamilton of BizCommunity.

American officials at the time expressed optimism that the deal would motivate Saudi Arabia to ramp up its oil production. They also envisioned it as a blueprint for fostering economic collaboration between Washington and other Arab countries.

The crucial decision to not renew the contract enables Saudi Arabia to sell oil and other goods in multiple currencies, including the Chinese RMB, Euros, Yen, and Yuan, instead of exclusively in US dollars. Additionally, the potential use of digital currencies like Bitcoin may also be considered.

This latest development signifies a major shift away from the petrodollar system established in 1972, when the US decoupled its currency from gold, and is anticipated to hasten the global shift away from the US dollar.

Cross-border CBDC transactions

In a more recent move, Saudi Arabia has announced its involvement in Project mBridge, a project which explores a multi-central bank digital currency (CBDC) platform shared among participating central banks and commercial banks. It is built on distributed ledger technology (DLT) to enable instant cross-border payments settlements, and foreign-exchange transactions.

The project has more than 26 observing members including the South African Reserve Bank, which was greenlighted as a member this month.

The better known observing members of mBridge are those of the Bank of Israel, Bank of Namibia, Bank of France, Central Bank of Bahrain, Central Bank of Egypt, Central Bank of Jordan, European Central Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Reserve Bank of Australia, and the World Bank.

In tandem, the project steering committee has created a bespoke governance and legal framework, including a rulebook, tailored to match the platform’s unique decentralised nature.

[…]

Via https://thepeoplesvoice.tv/saudi-arabia-wont-be-renewing-its-50-year-petro-dollar-deal-with-the-us/

The Peoples Voice

Bill Gates’ synthetic meat products can increase the risk of severe heart disease and premature death, according to a new study.

Researchers from the University of São Paulo and Imperial College London assessed the diets of more than 118,000 people living in the UK aged 40 to 69 years old. They found that those who ate Bill Gates’ fake meat products became severely sick and disease-ridden within a matter of months.

New York Post reports: Researchers found that for every 10% increase in plant-based foods, the risk of death from heart disease fell by 20%. Yet, when the increase in plant-based foods came from Bill Gates’ UPFs, it was linked to a 12% rise in heart disease-related deaths.

Lead study author Fernanda Rauber explained that the composition and processing methods of UPFs can lead to higher blood pressure and cholesterol.

“Food additives and industrial contaminants present in these foods might cause oxidative stress and inflammation, further aggravating the risks,” she said. “Those shifting towards plant-based foods should also think about the degree of processing involved before making their choices.”

Dr. Eszter Vamos, co-author of the study, noted the deceptive marketing and public perception of plant-based products as healthy. “While ultra-processed foods are often marketed as healthy foods, this large study suggests that plant-based ultra-processed foods do not seem to have protective health effects and are linked to poor health outcomes,” she said.

The study found that replacing plant-based UPFs with whole foods, known to have important health and environmental benefits, decreased deaths from heart disease by 15% and reduced the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease by 7%.

Researchers claim that this study, published Monday in Lancet Regional Health, is the first to show that plant-based UPFs increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Based on their findings, the authors are urging nutritional guidelines that promote plant-based diets to include a warning to avoid UPFs.

The study highlights the cardiovascular risk of consuming popular meat alternatives, but independent scientists point out that half of the UPFs used in the study came from plant-based breads and pastries.

“Many foods that do not contain animal products, which includes biscuits, crisps, confectionery and soft drinks, are technically plant-based but would not be considered essential as part of a healthy diet by the majority of people,” Duane Mellor, a dietitian and spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association, said in a statement.

Mellor stressed the importance of a balanced diet rich in whole foods like vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts and whole grains. “It is important to emphasize that just because a food or drink is technically plant-based, it does not mean it is healthy,” he said.

[…]

Via https://thepeoplesvoice.tv/bill-gates-fake-meat-linked-to-premature-death-study-finds/

In every war, there is necessarily an enemy force, and the war on our food supply is no exception.

My previous article addressed the ongoing attacks on farmers across the globe. In today’s article, we will look at some of the culprits behind this agenda. For anyone who delved into the entities behind the tyrannical Covid policies, many names on the list below will seem quite familiar.

Bayer/Monsanto

Bayer merged with Monsanto in 2018, combining the companies responsible for Agent Orange and pioneering chemical warfare. In 1999, Monsanto’s CEO Robert Shapiro bragged that the company planned to control “three of the largest industries in the world—agriculture, food, and health—that now operate as separate businesses. But there are a set of changes that will lead to their integration.” Today these chemical manufacturers control a huge percentage of the world’s food supply.

Cargill and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

Cargill is a World Economic Forum partner and the largest private company in the United States. This behemoth monopolizes unimaginably vast swaths of the global food industry, including meat processing in the United States. Cargill’s business practices, along with bigger-is-better policies enforced by their cronies at the United States Department of Agriculture, have led to the closures of many local abattoirs which forced farmers to depend on a few corporate mega-slaughterhouses. This leaves farmers waiting 14 months or longer for butchering slots, for which they often must transport their animals hundreds of miles—indeed, farmers and ranchers must book processing dates up to a year before the animal is even born. The high fees charged by Cargill’s slaughterhouses contribute to the skyrocketing price of meat—all while the farmers themselves are barely paid enough to cover the cost of raising the livestock. The USDA, meanwhile, makes sure their policies prevent farmers from processing meat themselves on their own farms.

Wellcome Trust

The Wellcome Trust, the former owner of Glaxo before it merged with SmithKline, played a major role in Britain’s Covid debacle and is unapologetic about its goal of reducing your food sovereignty. Wellcome Trust funds Livestock, Environment and People (LEAP), an organization dedicated to developing and testing behavioral modifications to coerce the public into removing meat and dairy from their diets. LEAP’s co-director Susan Jeffs bemoans that motivating people with environmental impact labels on their foods does not seem to work: “People are already settled into very established habits” and suggests instead altering what the industry provides, thereby forcing consumer choice. Wellcome Trust researchers recommend “availability interventions” that “rely less on individual agency” to reduce access to animal food products. Researcher Rachel Pechey opines that “meat taxes show a promising evidence for effectiveness but have been less acceptable in survey work…we don’t want to just go for the most acceptable [solutions].”

The World Health Organization

Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the WHO’s Director-General, would like you to believe that food production is responsible for almost one-third of the global burden of disease. He calls for transforming the global food system toward plant-based foods, reducing meat and dairy in our intake, and enforcing policies to save the climate through restricting diet. A WHO 2022 report concluded that “considerable evidence supports shifting populations towards healthful plant-based diets that reduce or eliminate intake of animal products.”

World Economic Forum

You are likely familiar with the World Economic Forum and their Great Reset agenda. Visit their webpage and treat yourself to such morsels as 5 reasons why eating insects could reduce climate change, why we need to give insects the role they deserve in our food systems, and why we might be eating insects soon. Suffice it to say that their plans for your dietary future are clear.

EAT Forum, the Lancet, and their Big Tech and Big Chemical Partners

The EAT Forum is “dedicated to transforming our global food system through sound science, impatient disruption and novel partnerships.” It was co-founded by the aforementioned Wellcome Trust, the Strawberry Foundation, and the Stockholm Resilience Centre. Their FRESH initiative—Food Reform for Sustainability and Health—aims to transform the global food system. Partners in the FRESH initiative include Google, Cargill, Syngenta, Unilever, Pepsico, and many chemical processors such as BASF, Bayer, and DuPont—a rather odd cast of characters for developing a healthy and sustainable dietary plan. EAT’s Shifting Urban Diets Initiative advocates for cities to adopt the Lancet-endorsed Planetary Health Diet, in which plant-based proteins are set to replace meat and dairy. Red meat is limited to 30 calories per day. A report drafted by EAT found that the transformation they want to foist upon our diets is “unlikely to be successful if left up to the individual,” and “require(s) reframing at the systemic level with hard policy interventions that include laws, fiscal measures, subsidies and penalties, trade reconfiguration and other economic and structural measures.”

The Rockefeller Foundation

Members of the Rockefeller family may carry more blame than anyone else in history for turning agriculture away from independent family farms towards corporate conglomerates.

In 1947, Nelson Rockefeller founded the International Basic Economy Corporation to modernize and corporatize agriculture in South America, particularly in Brazil and Venezuela. IBEC transformed farming to depend on expensive machinery and inputs that priced subsistence peasant farmers out of viability. The American International Association for Economic and Social Development (AIA), a Rockefeller-funded philanthropic organization, helped build the market through which IBEC could enrich its owners. While IBEC’s promotional literature claimed that the company was generously assisting the Third World by providing necessary consumer products while turning a profit, on closer examination, it was simply a business enterprise built on the Rockefellers’ old Standard Oil model, in which smaller competitors are forced out using monopolistic practices before prices are raised.

This tactic was taken to a whole new level with the so-called Green Revolution, first in Mexico in the 1940s, then in the Philippines and India in the 1960s, as well as in the United States. Traditional farming practices such as the use of manure as fertilizer for heirloom native crops were replaced with a model of mechanized chemical farming, using Rockefeller-funded new seed varieties which had been developed to require petrochemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce significantly increased crop yields compared to the traditional crops grown by peasant farmers in these countries.

It is worth noting that the Rockefellers, as oil oligarchs, stood to profit handsomely from the petroleum-based fertilizers and pesticides that this new method demanded. The crops grown were almost all cereal crops like rice and replaced more nutrient-dense, traditional crops like millet. India experienced an increase in food but a decrease in nutrition: with more empty calories but fewer fruits, vegetables, and animal proteins, micronutrients disappeared from the diet. Anemia, blindness, fertility problems, low birth weight, and immune impairment increased.

While the Green Revolution was hailed as the solution to world hunger and poverty, it also poisoned local water supplies, depleted the soil, and left farmers drowning in debt as they could no longer independently produce the fertilizer and seeds they needed. Informed readers can see how the later Monsanto GMO Roundup-Ready seed model followed this playbook established by the Rockefellers.

In 2006, the Rockefeller Foundation, Bill Gates, and others pushed the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, or AGRA, and they again followed this proven playbook. Since AGRA’s launch, African biodiversity has been lost, and the number of severely undernourished people in sub-Saharan Africa has increased by nearly 50 percent, even by the UN’s own reports. Just as in India, farmers are being tricked into abandoning nutrient-dense, drought-resistant crops like heirloom millet in exchange for the empty calories of GMO corn. Hundreds of African organizations have demanded that this neocolonial project end, leaving the future of African agriculture in the hands of the native farmers who know the land best.

Now the Rockefeller Foundation has set its sights on the US food system with its Reset the Table agenda, handily launched in 2020 just weeks after the Great Reset was announced. Under rosy language calling for inclusivity and equity, the report states that “success will require numerous changes to policies, practices, and norms.” This includes a major focus on data collection and objectives that align closely with the One Health Agenda—more on that in a future article.

Bill Gates and the Gates Foundation

Bill Gates has followed the Rockefeller playbook for fumigating his fortune and transforming his image—while building more wealth—through the cynical ploy of philanthrocapitalism.

His fingers are deep in every public health pie, and his influence is nearly equal in the food wars. Besides financing the development of fake meats, he is behind the aforementioned AGRA program, is investing in geoengineering programs to dim the sun, and as of January 2021, owned 242,000 acres of prime US farmland, making him the largest private owner of farmland in the US. It is disconcerting to think that a man who believes we should phase out real meat controls so much of the method of production.

USAID and BIFAD

Another organization pushing you to eat bugs is USAID. This may surprise some of you who think of USAID as an organization dedicated to helping third-world countries, rather than as a longtime Trojan horse for CIA operations. (Skeptical of that claim? Go down the rabbit hole here and here and here and here.) Their Board for International Food and Agricultural Development, known as BIFAD, released a report titled “Systemic Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation.” This report calls for a complete transformation of the food supply and global agriculture. They propose to do this through ESG scores, carbon tracking, and eating insects.

[…]

Via https://brownstone.org/articles/the-enemies-of-food-freedom/

Marine Le Pen has vowed to ban the World Economic Forum and their agents from operating in France, declaring that their “evil Ideology is not welcome” in the country.

“Give me one reason, only one, to keep on our territory foreigners who collaborate with a totalitarian ideology that wants the death of the French?” Le Pen told a crowd of supporters in her first major speech after defeating Macron in the EU elections earlier this week.

[…]

She also warned that citizens who express loyalty to globalist organizations such as the WEF will also find themselves subject to removal proceedings:

“The French who adopt the ideology of the enemy must be brought before justice & punished,” she added, demanding, “The laws exist, they just need to be applied. These laws will be applied without weakening.”

Modernity.news reports: Revealing that she would also put a stop to the flood of illegal boat migrants heading to England from France, Le Pen vowed, “Radical mosques will be shut down, hate preachers expelled. Salafism & the Muslim Brotherhood will be dissolved.”

She also promised that the safety of women would be ensured and that the new measures would not impinge on the rights of ordinary law-abiding citizens.

“With me the security will not go against liberty, in any case, not against the liberty of honest people,” said Le Pen.

The crowd who attended the speech burst out into chants of “Marine President” during the speech.

As we highlighted earlier, the first poll conducted after the EU elections shows Le Pen is very likely to beat Macron and form a relative majority government after the final round of voting on July 7th.

However, with the recent announcement of an alliance with the center-right Republicans (LR), she could very well obtain an absolute majority.

Observers say this could force Macron to resign and would put Le Pen in an excellent position to win the presidency in 2027.

[…]

Via https://thepeoplesvoice.tv/marine-le-pen-vows-to-ban-wef-your-evil-ideology-is-not-welcome-in-france/

By Sally Fallon Morell

Mpox virions are shown in pink. (Photo credit: NIAID)

Emily Kopp

For nearly nine years Anthony Fauci’s institute concealed plans to engineer a pandemic capable mpox virus with a case fatality rate of up to 15 percent, congressional investigators revealed in a new report Tuesday.

In June 2015, a scientist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases received formal approval from the National Institutes of Health’s Institutional Review Board for experiments expected to engineer an mpox virus with high transmissibility and moderate mortality.

NIAID — the institute Fauci oversaw for nearly four decades and which underwrites most federally funded gain-of-function research — concealed the project’s approval from investigators with the House Committee on Energy and Commerce over the course of a 17 month-long investigation.

A new interim report describes the obstruction and secrecy around the mpox proposal as a case study in how the institute “oversees and accounts for the monitoring of potentially dangerous gain-of-function research of concern.”

The revelations land amid global concerns about whether coronavirus gain-of-function research — research that might generate pathogens with increased pathogenicity or transmissibility — may have contributed to the worst pandemic in a century.

The committee, in conjunction with the House Committee on Oversight and Reform, is also investigating coronavirus gain-of-function research underwritten by NIAID at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, and faces similar stonewalling in that investigation, a committee aide said.

NIAID’s lack of transparency surrounding the proposed mpox experiment for nearly a decade undermines Fauci’s assurances at a congressional hearing last week that any biosecurity breach at the Wuhan lab could not have any connection to his former institute. Investigators continue to pursue documentation from EcoHealth Alliance, an NIAID contractor whose funding was recently suspended for failing to properly oversee coronavirus experiments exported to Wuhan.

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, caused a public health emergency in the U.S. from August 2022 to February 2023. It is endemic in Africa. The more deadly clade circulates in Central Africa (clade I) while the more transmissible clade circulates in West Africa (clade II). Mpox has infected more than 20,000 people and caused more than 1,000 deaths in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where clade I predominates, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — though some experts believe that is an undercount of true cases. A strain of the clade II virus drove the American outbreak.

The mpox experiment first came to light in a September 2022 article in Science.

The gain-of-function project proposed by NIAID virologist Bernard Moss would splice genes conferring high pathogenicity from the clade I virus into the more transmissible clade II virus. The new “chimeric” (combined) virus could have retained up to a 15 percent fatality rate and a 2.4 reproductive number, a measure of transmissibility indicating every sick person could infect up to 2.4 people on average, giving it pandemic potential.

The committee’s attempts to learn more about the experiment were met with stonewalling.

NIAID maintains the experiment was never conducted, but has never provided any contemporaneous documents to support that claim such as emails or lab notebooks, according to the committee’s report.

The lack of engagement from NIAID, the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Health and Human Services does not comport with the idea the experiment was never conducted and that there is nothing to hide, according to the committee.

HHS and NIH misled congressional investigators for nearly a year and a half, falsely denying that Moss had obtained formal approval for this gain-of-function experiment.

The committee launched its investigation in October 2022 but was only permitted to view key documents in camera in March 2024, which confirmed NIH’s formal approval of the experiment.

The committee lays blame with officials at NIAID, who fund most federally underwritten gain-of-function research, have the subject matter expertise, and may have misled their bosses at HHS and NIH.

For months NIAID and Moss had reported to the committee that the mpox experiment had not moved forward and that Moss had simply been spitballing with the Science reporter in 2022 without serious intention.

However amid the committee’s investigation in May 2023 an approval from the Federal Select Agent Program for a chimera involving both clade I and clade II of the mpox virus was revoked.

NIAID also misled Science and STAT News in saying the gain-of-function mpox experiment was never approved, according to the committee.

Committee aides say they will continue to press for full accountability and transparency, and hope for a culture change at NIAID away from secrecy under new leadership.

Fauci retired after 38 years as the head of NIAID in December 2022; Jeanne M. Marrazzo now serves as director of the institute. Former NIH Director Francis Collins retired in December 2021; Monica Bertagnolli now serves as director of the NIH.

The revelations also come amid a debate about the future of gain-of-function research regulation.

New policy unveiled last month by the White House Office and Science and Technology Policy maintains a largely self-regulatory framework, vesting the responsibility for initiating increased regulation with the researchers and funding agencies such as NIAID.

The vast majority of gain-of-function research that could generate epidemic and pandemic capable viruses is likely to be exempted from more rigorous scrutiny under the new protocols, according to the committee.

Many of the world’s most public virologists have dismissed the theory that the COVID-19 pandemic may have resulted from a lab accident as a conspiracy theory and have chafed at the idea that the work should be regulated by an outside agency, subject to public input or not pursued at all.

That culture extends to NIAID, too, according to the committee’s investigators, who have also uncovered that top administrators may have illegally evaded federal record retention and transparency law.

Concerns were raised by a committee aide that NIAID exerted undue influence at OSTP to preserve the laissez-faire status quo.

“The new OSTP policy continues to give funding agencies, like NIAID, primary responsibility for oversight of GOFROC and DURC experiments involving potentially dangerous pathogens,” the committee’s report reads. “In almost any other scientific field or industry, this arrangement would be immediately recognized as a conflict of interest, necessitating independent review and oversight.”

Policy improvements suggested by the committee’s report include codifying public input through a community oversight board, which already exist for high-containment biosafety level four laboratories, as well as moving final approval for gain-of-function research out of NIAID.

According to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, the number of labs capable of growing orthopoxviruses like mpox and smallpox from scratch currently stands at less than 100, but could increase significantly as DNA synthesis and engineering techniques improve and become cheaper.

[…]

Via https://usrtk.org/risky-research/fauci-institute-hid-mpox-gain-of-function-plans/

Internationalist 360°

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

The Hamas Movement has demonstrated, in all stages of the negotiations to stop the aggression, the positivity required to reach a comprehensive and satisfactory agreement based on the just demands of our people for a final cessation of aggression, a complete withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, the return of the displaced, reconstruction and the conclusion of a serious prisoner exchange deal.

Below, we clarify the Movement’s positions towards proposals to stop the aggression:

First: Hamas has dealt positively and with national responsibility with the latest proposal and all proposals to reach a ceasefire agreement and release the detainees.

Second: The proposal that Hamas received from the mediators on May 5th was approved in announcement the very next day, as we delivered our response on May 6th, which was considered by the mediators and all parties to be positive and encouraging, while Netanyahu’s response to Hamas‘s agreement was to attack Rafah and escalate its aggression against our people throughout the Gaza Strip.

Third: The Movement clearly expressed its positive position on what was included in US President Joe Biden’s speech on 31/5/2024 in which he called for a permanent ceasefire, the withdrawal of the occupation forces from the Gaza Strip, reconstruction and an exchange of prisoners, while we only heard from the occupation government, led by the terrorist Netanyahu, emphasizing the continuation of the genocide war and attacking the proposal that came from President Biden, in contrast to the claim that the occupation had agreed to it.

Fourth: The Movement welcomed the Security Council resolution and its emphasis regarding a permanent ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, complete withdrawal from it, the exchange of prisoners, reconstruction, the return of the displaced to their areas of residence, the rejection of any demographic change or reduction of the area of ​​the Gaza Strip, and the introduction of the necessary aid to our people in the Strip. The Movement confirmed its readiness to cooperate with the mediator brothers to enter into indirect negotiations on the implementation of these principles in line with the demands of our people and our resistance.

Fifth: In return for that, the world did not hear any welcome or approval from Netanyahu and his Nazi government to the Security Council resolution, but rather they continued to emphasize the rejection of any permanent ceasefire, in clear contradiction of the Security Council resolution and President Biden’s initiative.

Sixth: While Blinken continues to talk about “israel’s” approval of the latest proposal, we have not heard any “israeli” official speak of this approval.

Seventh: We consider the positions issued by US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken, through which he attempted to exonerate the zionist occupation, wash his hands stained with the blood of innocent children, women and the elderly, and hold the Movement responsible for obstructing reaching an agreement a continuation of the American policy of complicity in the brutal genocide war against our Palestinian people, which allows the occupation to continue its crime with full American political and military cover.

In this context, we call on Mr. Blinken and the administration of President Biden to direct pressure on the fascist occupation government, which is determined to complete the mission of killing and genocide, in flagrant violation of all international laws and treaties.

Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas
Wednesday: 06 Dhu al-Hijjah 1445 AH
Corresponding to: June 12, 2024 AD

Hamas Public Relations Officer in Lebanon, Mahmoud Taha, to Al-Aqsa TV:

The legendary steadfastness of the resistance and its tactics in the war, causing continuous losses to the enemy for 9 months, strengthens and reinforces the position of the resistance. The resistance is the only asset of the Palestinian people and the only solution for imminent liberation.

The amendments presented by Hamas in the negotiation proposal are neither difficult nor impossible. They are in the interest of the Palestinian people after those horrific massacres.

The international community and the Security Council are facing a test in their decision to ceasefire, open crossings, and allow aid entry, provided they exert significant pressure on the Zionist entity.

We consider the United States biased towards the zionist side, and if it wanted to pressure to stop the war, it would have done so earlier.

Our reliance in this war is not on regimes and governments, but rather on the peoples who have taken to the streets in demonstrations worldwide to support Gaza. The protests continue in the United States and many Western countries, as well as some Arab countries like Yemen. We rely on the support fronts for the resistance in Yemen and Lebanon.

Resistance News Network

Via https://libya360.wordpress.com/2024/06/12/hamas-statement-on-ceasefire-proposal-requests-russia-china-and-turkey-stand-as-guarantors/

Examples of ushabtis found in Egyptian coffins

Episode 32 Ancient Egyptian Magic

The History of Ancient Egypt

Professor Robert Brier

Film Review

Although Egyptian magic was a totally separate realm from their religion, they had a goddess of magic (Heca) and many Egyptian magicians were also priests.

Examples of Egyptian magic rituals included drawing protective circles around people to protect them from harm. For example, to protect someone from scorpion bites at night, a magician would use a magical rod made of bone or ivory to draw a circle around the bed.

Another ritual included burying people with servant statues (called ushabtis) to work for them. Some deceased nobles were buried with seeds and farm implements, along with their ushabtis, as well as an overseer ushabti for every ten workers.

Another form of of magic were oracle statues (usually of a god) that could speak. They were often used to solve crimes and as an alternative to legal trials to establish innocence or guilt.

All Egyptians wore small magical amulets (most made of faience* because it was cheap) for protection. The eye of Horus was the mot popular amulet. This related to the myth that Horus’s eye was magically regenerated after Set gouged it out (see The Ancient Egyptian Origin Myth). Wearing Horus’s eye amulet was intended to protect your health.**

The scarab was also a common amulet.The Egyptian word khepri means both “beetle” and “to exist.” Scarab amulets became popular in Egypt owing to the mistaken belief that female dung beetles reproduced without sex.

The Ankh amulet was the rarest. It was believed the gods brought pharaohs to life by touching their nose with an Ankh amulet.

*Egyptian faience was a ceramic material made of sand, alkaline salts (either naturally occurring sodium bicarbonate known as natron or potash) and a metallic colorant.

*The use of the abbreviation Rx (for prescriptions) in is a corruption of the eye of Horus.

Film can be viewed free with a library card on Kanopy.

https://www.kanopy.com/en/pukeariki/watch/video/1492791/1492868