Up To 37% Of Circulating Bitcoin May Be Lost Forever In Silent Supply Shock

Submitted by Ronan Manly of the Sound Money Report 

While Bitcoin’s fixed 21 million coin cap was designed to counteract fiat inflation and mirror gold’s scarcity, a massive pool of permanently lost coins further tightens supply.

Estimates from on-chain analyses suggest that between 2.3 million and an incredible 7.8 million BTC (roughly between 11—37% of total supply), may have vanished forever, trapped in lost wallets, forgotten keys, or in addresses abandoned due to unexpected deaths. These ‘zombie’ or ‘ghost’ coins then effectively reduce Bitcoin’s effective circulating supply from the current 19.9 million to as low as a range of 12.1—17.6 million BTC.

A Donation to Everyone

As well as intensifying Bitcoin’s existing inherent scarcity, coins that permanently vanish boost the true value of all remaining Bitcoins. As Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin’s pseudonymous creator/creators, stated in a foresightful observation in April 2010 in a post on the BitcoinTalk forum: “Lost coins only make everyone else’s coins worth slightly more. Think of it as a donation to everyone.

The lost coin range estimate (2.3—7.8 million) also comfortably exceeds the combined total of Bitcoin ETF and corporate treasury holdings which together total approximately 2.2 million BTC, a point rarely highlighted by a mainstream financial media fixated on the latest Blackrock Bitcoin ETF inflows and [Micro]Strategy’s latest BTC purchases.

No Keys, No Coins

Bitcoin’s rarity is thus magnified by these permanent losses, as the lost coin supply shock increases the value of every remaining coin, in contrast to traditional centralised assets such as stocks or bonds, In Bitcoin, there is no safety net. Once access is gone, the coins are effectively removed from circulation.

With a self-custodial architecture of ‘be your own bank’ but on an immutable blockchain, any lost and inaccessible coins on the Bitcoin network remain visible but untouchable. There is no bank and no bailout – only the owner and their private keys.

The familiar warning about exchange-held BTC of “not your keys, not your coins” now becomes the even more dramatic “no keys, no coins” in the off-exchange world.

Bitcoin relies on private keys (unique 256-bit cryptographic strings) to control and transfer ownership between addresses. Forgotten passwords, lost seed phrases, overwritten files, corrupted drives, or discarded hardware all result in irreversible inaccessibility.

Real-World Losses

Real-world cases highlight the dramatic scale and drama of lost Bitcoin. In 2013, the now infamous Welsh IT engineer James Howells accidentally discarded a hard drive containing private keys to 8,000 BTC in a landfill, worth roughly USD 900mn at current prices. But local city council rulings about environmental regulations prevent the obsessed Howells from launching a search for the lost hard drive.

Stefan Thomas, former Ripple CTO, lost access to 7,002 BTC (circa USD 777mn today) after forgetting his IronKey hard drive password, which locks permanently after 10 failed guesses. In January 2021, with two attempts left, Thomas described to the New York Times his repeated, desperate, and unsuccessful efforts to regain access.

Deaths also contribute to Bitcoin inaccessibility when holders die without succession plans. Gerald Cotten, CEO of Canadian crypto exchange QuadrigaCX, allegedly died in 2018 without revealing how to access USD 190mn in client funds, which included substantial Bitcoin holdings.

Romanian early Bitcoin miner Mircea Popescu drowned off a Costa Rica beach in 2021, widely rumoured to have left up to 1 million BTC inaccessible. (potentially worth USD 111bn). While the size of Popescu’s BTC holdings is unproven, he was known to have had sizeable holdings.

And then there’s Bitcoin’s creator, Satoshi Nakamoto, who pulled his own vanishing act in April 2011, leaving behind an estimated 1 million BTC mined between 2009— 2010. This Satoshi stash is now possibly ‘lost’ forever, or has been left intentionally dormant as a ‘donation’ to the network.

Estimating the Extent of Loss

But just how many coins may be gone forever? Numerous studies have utilised blockchain analytics, wallet inactivity metrics, and even factor in human behaviour to try and pin down the extent of lost and inaccessible Bitcoins.

In a May 2025 report, Ledger cites analyst estimates of between 2.3—3.7 million lost Bitcoins, representing 11—18% of Bitcoin’s max 21 million coin supply. Cane Island Digital’s Timothy Peterson, in a June 2025 report, estimates over 6 million BTC irretrievably lost, potentially reaching 7 million by late 2025.

In 2023, Glassnode, the blockchain data and on-chain analytics platform, estimated approximately 7.8 million BTC or 39% of mined supply, were either “HODLed or lost coins”, although this may include dormant wallets held intentionally, which would overstate the estimate. This came from a Glassnode study in conjunction with ARK Invest, which used a metric of ‘Vaulted Supply’ aka “HODLed or lost coins,” which “multiplies outstanding supply times vaultedness to measure the number of coins that have not been moved. Either they are in strong hands, or they are lost.

In June 2025, Fidelity Digital Assets estimated that Bitcoin’s ancient supply, defined as the amount of bitcoin that has not moved for 10 years or more, accounted for over 17% of total issued supply, which is terms of BTC is over 3.3 million coins. In late 2024, River Financial, a Bitcoin financial institution were citing 3-4 million BTC as lost.

Despite varying methodologies, these studies, as a group, converge on a range of 2.3—7.8 million BTC lost, with the higher estimates like Glassnode’s and Peterson’s potentially overstated due to combining dormant and truly lost coins. Whatever the exact number, this range highlights a substantial and growing loss of Bitcoin, which enhances the scarcity of the remaining supply.

Losses vs ETFs and Corporate Treasuries

Comparing this loss range to the high-profile holdings of Bitcoin ETFs and corporate treasuries is eye-opening. As of August 2025, spot Bitcoin ETFs collectively held about 1,036,000 BTC or 5–6% of the roughly 19.9 million BTC so far mined, with Blackrock’s IBIT holding approximately 555,000 BTC of that total.

Corporate and treasury holders add another layer, with the top 100 corporates holding a combined 988,000 BTC (5% of the mined total) according to the Bitcoin Treasuries website, chief among them MicroStrategy (rebranded as Strategy) with 632,457 BTC, and such well-known names as MARA Holdings (50,639 BTC), Riot Platforms (19,225 BTC), and Japan’s Metaplanet (18,113 BTC).

Combining ETF plus corporate BTC holdings yields approximately 2.2 million, which is even less than the lower bound for estimated lost BTC of 2.3 million, and is a vivid illustration of the sheer scale of inaccessible coins. In other words, there is a hidden supply shock that the market has not yet fully processed, one which dwarfs both the US Bitcoin ETF inflows and Michael Saylor’s buying sprees.

From a circulating supply of 19.9 million BTC, subtract 5 million lost coins (midpoint estimate) and 2.2 million institutional holdings to get 12.7 million BTC in individual hands. Assume 30% of this (~ 3.8 million) is HODLed by long-term investors, which tallies with Glassnode’s 70% ‘unmoved supply’, which includes institutional and some misclassified lost coins.

Shrinking Free Float

This allows us to calculate a Bitcoin “Free Float”, that may be available to trade in the public market:19.9 million BTC mined so far, minus 5 million (lost), minus 2.2 million (institutionally held), minus 3.8 million (HODLed by individuals) = a free float of just 8.9 million BTC, or 42% of the 21 million total supply, and 45% of circulating supply. That is far less than the free float of S&P 500 stocks, which have a free float of 70—90%, and where ‘lost’ shares don’t exist as the centralised system can reissue them, unlike Bitcoin’s unforgiving blockchain.

The reported Bitcoin market cap of over USD 2.1trn market cap (19.9 million * USD 109,000) then is also a mirage, and is overstated by ~USD 500bn due to counting lost ‘ghost’ coins. With 5 million coins lost, the true supply is ~14.9 million BTC, which results in a real market cap of ~USD 1.6trn.

Conclusion

Bitcoin is scarcer than the market realises. Lost Bitcoins of between 2.3—7.8 million (11—37%) reduce accessible supply from 19.9 million to between 12.1—17.6 million. Irrecoverable coins inflate the value of every remaining coin, and intensify Bitcoin’s narrative as a store of value even rarer than gold. The widely accepted market cap of USD 2.1trn is overstated by about USD 500bn, with the true market cap near USD 1.6trn.

This silent supply shock, which dwarfs institutional demand and is ignored and underestimated by the mainstream media, positions Bitcoin not just as digital gold but as an asset with unparalleled rarity. It also has the potential to trigger a seismic price surge as the market wakes up to the scarcer than realised reality, and a free float barely half its total supply.

[…]

Via https://www.zerohedge.com/crypto/bitcoins-hidden-scarcity-lost-coins-and-silent-supply-shock

Global Mail Disruption Deepens As U.S. Tariffs Trigger International Postal Shutdowns

Zero Hedge

International mail to the United States has plunged by more than 80% in one week after the Trump administration ended a long-abused tax exemption on small packages, prompting widespread suspensions of postal services around the world, according to the Universal Postal Union (UPU).

The postal service in France is among those that stopped taking US-bound parcels following Trump’s decision to impose new tariffs on them (Thomas SAMSON)

In late July, the U.S. government announced it would revoke duty-free treatment for low-value parcels entering the country. The change, which took effect Aug. 29, has rattled global logistics networks and forced dozens of national postal operators to halt or scale back shipments to the U.S.

The UPU, a United Nations agency that oversees global postal cooperation, said 88 postal operators have either fully or partially suspended service to the U.S. Among them are major national carriers, including Germany’s Deutsche Post, Britain’s Royal Mail, and postal authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Postal services in India, Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the U.K. are no longer accepting most U.S.-bound parcels, citing logistical disruptions and uncertainty over customs processing under the new tariff regime.

According to UPU data, postal traffic to the U.S. on Aug. 29 fell 81% compared with the previous week. “Furthermore, 88 postal operators informed the UPU they have suspended some or all postal services to the US until a solution is implemented,” the agency said in a statement.

UPU Director General Masahiko Metoki said the organization is working with affected postal services and U.S. authorities on a “rapid technical solution” to restore normal mail flows. However, he provided no timeline for when shipments might resume.

The Bern-based UPU, founded in 1874 and representing 192 member countries, sets international postal rules and facilitates cooperation among national mail systems. While the agency has mediated disputes before, industry analysts warn the current disruption highlights vulnerabilities in global supply chains that depend on inexpensive cross-border shipping.

The sudden halt comes amid mounting trade frictions as Washington uses tariff policy to rebalance foreign commerce. For small businesses, e-commerce sellers, and consumers relying on international packages, the suspension has created uncertainty and extended delivery delays.

Without an agreement, logistics experts warn that U.S. buyers and overseas exporters alike could face lasting disruptions in the global flow of goods – underscoring how deeply interconnected the world’s postal infrastructure has become.

[…]

Via https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/global-mail-disruption-deepens-us-tariffs-trigger-international-postal-shutdowns

French government collapses

French government collapses

RT

Prime Minister Francois Bayrou has been ousted by the National Assembly in a no-confidence vote

The French government has fallen after Prime Minister Francois Bayrou lost a crucial confidence vote in parliament on Monday. Bayrou is the second consecutive prime minister under President Emmanuel Macron to be ousted, throwing the nation into political and economic turmoil.

A no-confidence motion in the National Assembly requires at least 288 votes to pass. Monday’s motion received 364 votes, with the left-wing New Popular Front and the right-wing National Rally uniting in opposition to end a months-long standoff over Bayrou’s austerity budget.

Having previously survived eight no-confidence motions, Bayrou called this vote himself, in a bid to secure backing for proposals that forecast almost €44 billion ($52 billion) of savings to ease France’s debt burden before the budget is presented in October.

The prime minister, who has repeatedly warned that France’s national debt poses a “mortal danger” to the country, appeared to acknowledge his fate. In a bitter remark on Sunday, Bayrou lashed out at rival parties that he said “hate each other” yet joined forces “to bring down the government.”

Bayrou is the second French prime minister in succession to be brought down following Michel Barnier’s ejection last December after just three months in office – and the sixth to serve under Macron since he was first elected in 2017.

Bayrou’s ouster reportedly leaves the French president to choose between appointing a Socialist prime minister to steer a budget through parliament, effectively ceding control of domestic policy, or call snap elections that polls suggest favour Marine Le Pen’s National Rally. With Macron’s approval ratings already hitting historic lows, either choice risks further weakening his presidency. Analysts warn that if markets lose confidence in France’s ability to rein in its deficit and mounting debt, the country could face turmoil reminiscent of the UK during the brief Liz Truss premiership.

Public discontent with Macron’s leadership has deepened, with the latest Le Figaro poll showing nearly 80% of French no longer trust the president. Thousands marched through Paris at the weekend demanding Macron’s resignation and carrying placards reading ‘Let’s stop Macron’ and ‘Frexit.’

[…]

Via https://www.rt.com/news/624286-french-government-collapse-bayrou/

 

Persian Gulf pushes into strategic minerals: A plan for post-oil dominance

Photo Credit: The Cradle

Mawadda Iskandar

Arab states of the Persian Gulf are unleashing sovereign capital and forging south–south alliances to seize control of the world’s most vital minerals, positioning themselves to dominate the industries of the post-oil era.

For decades, the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) anchored their economies in oil. But with volatile prices and the global pivot to renewable energy, strategic mining has emerged as the next frontier.

In this shift, Saudi Arabia and the UAE have seized the initiative by deploying sovereign wealth funds to secure physical assets, acquire stakes in critical mining ventures, and launch joint projects across Africa and Latin America. Their approach fuses economic leverage with political influence, in pursuit of a new kind of hegemony.

As global demand for strategic minerals like lithium, copper, and rare earth elements soars, these resources have become battlegrounds in an unfolding geo-economic contest. Central to everything from clean energy and electronics to defense systems, they underpin the battery and electric vehicle industries.

In GCC capitals, lithium is now seen as “white gold.” With the electric vehicle market forecast to grow from $3.5 billion in 2023 to $9 billion by 2028, and lithium demand expected to rise fortyfold by 2040, Persian Gulf states are positioning their mineral push as a lever of industrial and political clout.

Saudi Arabia: Buying influence, not just assets

Riyadh treats investment in critical minerals as a geopolitical tool, deploying capital to embed itself in global supply chains. Its model of soft, liberal economic dominance hinges on minority stakes in major firms – long-term influence without operational burden or military footprint.

The creation of the Saudi Gold Refinery Company in 2008 laid the foundation for a national mining base. Today, it aspires to become the second-largest mining company in the kingdom, managing over 150 sites and holding 25 exploration licenses for gold and silver.

With three mines internationally in Morocco, Uzbekistan, and “Kurdistan,” its expansion blueprint targets Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Mauritania, Eritrea, Pakistan, and Kazakhstan by the end of 2025.

Abroad, the country’s sovereign wealth fund, the Public Investment Fund (PIF) and its subsidiaries – Ma’aden and Manara Minerals – act as Riyadh’s vanguard. Africa, with its estimated 30 percent share of global mineral reserves, is central to the strategy.

Saudi Arabia is developing lithium and nickel projects in Nigeria, and has signed agreements with the Congo to explore cobalt, nickel, and lithium in Manono. In Ghana, it is targeting lithium, manganese, cobalt, and gold, which account for nine percent of the country’s GDP, as well as bauxite, the primary source of aluminum.

Riyadh has used diplomatic and investment summits to lock in influence. The Saudi-Arab-African Economic Conference in November 2023 yielded over $500 million in deals across mining and renewables, while boosting Manara’s plans for a global trading arm.

At the Future Minerals Forum (FMF) in Riyadh in January 2024, senior officials mapped the future of mining across Africa, West Asia, and Central Asia. At South Africa’s Mining Indaba in February 2024, a strong GCC presence illustrated Saudi ambitions on the continent.

In Pakistan, Saudi strategy is clearly seen in the Reko Diq copper and gold project, where Riyadh is investing $1 billion in a minority stake in a massive $7-billion project with a production capacity that spans decades. These investments reflect a recurring Saudi pattern based on entering long-term partnerships that ensure influence without bearing direct operational risks.

In Latin America, Saudi investments in Brazil and Chile stand out as examples of penetrating major global markets. Owning 10 percent of the Brazilian company Vale, one of the global mining giants, gives the kingdom a foothold in the nickel, copper, and cobalt industries, while the Maricunga project in Chile to stimulate lithium production in partnership with the national Codelco Corporation constitutes a strategic window into the world’s second-largest producer of this vital mineral.

UAE: Swift takeovers and sovereign assertiveness

Ever keen to punch above its weight in comparison to its larger and wealthier neighbor, Abu Dhabi pursues a sharper strategy: majority control. With vast capital reserves and little patience, the UAE has opted for full-throttle acquisitions that deliver operational power – eschewing slow-burn partnerships for quick, decisive entries.

In contrast to the Saudi approach, the competing Gulf state, the UAE, employs its massive sovereign capital for rapid influence through acquiring majority stakes that grant it direct operational control, within a soft strategy for economic hegemony without military force or traditional political influence.

In Madagascar, economic cooperation goes beyond the traditional financial dimension, as the government signed an agreement with UAE-based Global South Utilities to build a 50-megawatt (MW) solar power plant and a 25-MW energy storage tank in the city of Moramanga, with a plan to expand capacity to 250 MW in the future.

The project was accompanied by the launch of a joint business forum in Dubai in June 2025 to enhance Emirati investments in energy, agriculture, mining, and tourism, in addition to a project to refine and export gold according to global standards, with enhanced diplomatic exchange and the opening of a Madagascar embassy in Abu Dhabi and increasing Emirates flights to the capital, Antananarivo.

In Zambia, the UAE strategy in the mining sector is clear, where International Resources Holding (IRH), the investment arm of International Holding Company (IHC), acquired 51 percent of the Mopani mine for $1.1 billion in December 2023, despite earlier expectations that the deal would go to a Chinese company.

Just a week later, IRH made an offer to acquire a majority stake in the Lubambe mine. IRH was established in 2022, while IHC started as a fish farming company in 2008 before becoming one of the largest listed companies in West Asia, reflecting the UAE’s ability to use sovereign capital to impose rapid influence in strategic sectors without needing long-term operational experience.

In the Congo, IRH is working to expand its presence in the tin sector through negotiations with Dinam Capital, which owns 57 percent of Alphamin Resources, operator of the Bisie complex, one of the largest and highest-quality tin mines in the world – a strategic metal for modern technological industries.

Abu Dhabi’s investment extensions include Latin America, where a memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed with Argentina in February 2025 to develop joint projects in the mineral sector, aiming to build a more diverse and flexible global supply chain.

Riyadh vs. Abu Dhabi: A resource rivalry takes shape

The geopolitical rivalry between Saudi Arabia and the UAE has long shaped regional power dynamics. That contest has now spilled into the global mining sector, where competition over strategic minerals is no longer tacit but overt and escalating.

At the center lies Alphamin in the Congo. The UAE, through IRH and under the watch of Tahnoun bin Zayed Al-Nahyan – brother of the Emirati President Mohamed bin Zayed (MbZ) –seeks control. Saudi Arabia counters via Manara Minerals, a Ma’aden–PIF venture under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MbS).

Their playbooks differ: Saudi Arabia takes minority positions, like its 9.9 percent stake in a US exploration firm and 10 percent in Vale, to secure long-term supply lines without operational exposure. Riyadh aims to invest $15 billion globally in critical minerals to anchor its Vision 2030 ambitions.

The UAE prefers majority takeovers. IRH’s acquisition of Mopani Copper Mines in Zambia is emblematic. Other moves include a $1.9-billion deal with the Congo to develop four mines and a $1.4-billion lithium processing plant in Abu Dhabi – the first of its kind in West Asia.

The Horn of Africa encapsulates this rivalry. Eritrea’s rich deposits – copper, gold, iron ore, nickel, silica, marble, granite – make it a strategic prize. Riyadh eyes the Assab port to secure vital resources and shipping lanes. Abu Dhabi backs Ethiopia’s push for port access. Amid the bold assertiveness of the Ansarallah-led government in Yemen’s naval operations, the Red Sea has become a theater of resource confrontation.

Rare earths now sit at the center of global power struggles. Persian Gulf control over these assets is no longer just economic, as it drives industrial priorities and influences foreign policy.

As Riyadh and Abu Dhabi compete for leverage across multiple spheres, and as Beijing and Washington position themselves around these rivalries, a new phase of resource conflict is taking shape. Minerals are the front lines of the post-oil order. 

[…]

Via https://thecradle.co/articles/the-persian-gulf-push-into-strategic-minerals-a-plan-for-post-oil-dominance

Health and Human Services Will Announce Autism to Tylenol During Pregnancy

autism puzzles and tylenol

U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. plans to announce that autism is linked to the use of Tylenol during pregnancy in a report expected to be released this month, The Wall Street Journal reported today.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will also likely suggest that low levels of the vitamin folate also contribute to autism. The report will propose that a form of folate called folic acid, or leucovorin, can be used to treat symptoms of the disorder, according to the WSJ.

Acetaminophen, the ingredient found in hundreds of prescription and over-the-counter medicines — including Tylenol products — is routinely recommended for fever reduction and the relief of mild to moderate pain. Pregnant women commonly take it.

The drug has long been linked to liver toxicity, and several studies over the last decade — including one published last month by researchers at Harvard Medical School — have found that children exposed to the drug during pregnancy may be more likely to develop neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or ADHD.

Shares of Tylenol, made by McNeil Consumer Healthcare, a division of Kenvue, declined nearly 11% Friday after the WSJ published its report.

“Nothing is more important to us than the health and safety of the people who use our products,” a Kenvue spokeswoman told the WSJ. “We have continuously evaluated the science and continue to believe there is no causal link between acetaminophen use during pregnancy and autism.”

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) says Tylenol is safe to use in pregnancy. In 2021, as more evidence of the link was emerging, the organization published a statement opposing a consensus statement supported by a group of 91 scientists in the journal Nature Reviews Endocrinology. The scientists said that a growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to the drug may alter fetal development and increase the risks of neurodevelopmental, reproductive and urogenital disorders.

“ACOG and obstetrician-gynecologists across the country have always identified acetaminophen as one of the only safe pain relievers for pregnant individuals during pregnancy,” the pharmaceutical industry-sponsored medical organization insisted.

An estimated 1 in 31 (3.22%) 8-year-old children had an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis in 2022 — up from 1 in 36 (2.8%) in 2020, and 1 in 1,000 children in the 1990s, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said in its latest study, published earlier this year.

Studies have also linked Tylenol use in children with permanent impairments in cognition and socialization in susceptible children, including when administered after vaccination.

“The body of evidence around acetaminophen and autism really suggests that the highest risks are not prenatal but neonatal and postnatal,” according to Children’s Health Defense Chief Scientific Officer Brian Hooker.

“If I were to rank the risk periods, neonatal would be the highest, postnatal next and prenatal the least, given that pregnant women will be able to help detox the acetaminophen, reducing the burden on the developing unborn child,” Hooker said.

Kennedy announced in April that the public health agencies had launched a “massive testing and research effort” to determine what causes autism.

He said the effort involves hundreds of scientists globally and promised results by this month. Kennedy said that once the environmental causes of autism are identified, “We’ll be able to eliminate those exposures.”

Last month, Kennedy told President Donald Trump during a Cabinet meeting that his agency was on track to announce the findings of an ongoing study on the causes of autism in September.

“We’re finding interventions, certain interventions now that are clearly almost certainly causing autism, and we’re going to be able to address those in September,” Kennedy said.

Reuters reported that researchers have submitted more than 100 proposals to participate in the Trump administration’s $50 million study into possible causes of autism. A list of 25 grant winners is expected to be announced at the end of the month.

Via https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/hhs-to-announce-autism-link-tylenol-use-pregnancy-wall-street-journal/

CNN: Trump gearing up for meeting with Xi

Trump gearing up for meeting with Xi – CNN

RT

Network reports potential talks could take place in October in South Korea

US President Donald Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping could meet in October in South Korea during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, CNN reported on Saturday, citing sources. This comes amid trade tensions between the two countries.

According to three unnamed Trump administration officials, the president and his top advisers “are quietly preparing” to travel to the APEC meeting and hold talks with the trade ministers of member states. The APEC summit is scheduled for late October to early November in Gyeongju, South Korea.

The officials added that “there have been serious discussions about a bilateral meeting” between Trump and Xi on the sidelines of the forum, but “no firm plans are in place.”

Trade tensions between the US and China have been running high. In early 2025, Trump imposed sweeping tariffs as high as 145% on Chinese goods, prompting reciprocal tariffs of 125% from Beijing. The two countries agreed in May, however, to a temporary tariff truce, which has been extended to mid-November.

US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said last month that the current arrangement was “working pretty well,” adding that the sides were holding “very good talks” and are likely to meet again before the truce expires.

The CNN report noted that Trump’s presence in the region could open the door to a meeting with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, the first since 2019, although it is unclear whether he will attend. US officials told the network that more emphasis is being placed on meeting with Xi.

This comes in the wake of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit in China. Commenting on the gathering on Truth Social, Trump remarked, “Looks like we’ve lost India and Russia to deepest, darkest, China.” He also claimed that Russian President Vladimir Putin and Kim are “conspiring” against the US, after the two leaders held talks.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov rejected speculation of any plots against the US, suggesting that Trump’s remarks should not be taken literally.

[,..]

Via https://www.rt.com/news/624231-trump-gearing-meeting-xi/

Kremlin: All messenger apps (including Telegram and WhatsAp) are ‘transparent’ to spy agencies

All messenger apps are ‘transparent’ to spy agencies – Kremlin
RT
Dmitry Peskov warns Governments and corporations should be aware of the risks associated with electronic communications

Messaging apps are “absolutely transparent” to intelligence agencies and security services, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said. People who use them to share sensitive information should be aware of the risks, he added.

“All messengers are absolutely transparent systems, and people who use them should understand that they are transparent…. to the security services,” Peskov told journalists on Friday at the Eastern Economic Forum in Russia’s Vladivostok.

He added it was particularly important to consider the risks when sensitive government or commercial data are shared through such apps, which can be accessed by foreign intelligence services.

The official was commenting on Telegram and WhatsApp in Russia, as well as on the Russian government’s support for developing a domestic messaging platform.

Russian security services have accused Telegram and WhatsApp of using double standards for refusing to share data with the Russian authorities about fraud and terror plots while complying with similar requests from other countries.

Back in July, a member of the State Duma’s committee on information policy and technology, Anton Nemkin, called WhatsApp’s continued presence in Russia a “legalized breach of national security.”

Russian law enforcement officials have said that Ukrainian intelligence, along with other malicious actors such as swindlers and con artists, often relies on databases containing personal data obtained through WhatsApp and Telegram to recruit agents or identify targets inside Russia.

In December 2024, the US government also warned senior officials to switch to encrypted communications after a security breach in which a group of hackers stole data, including information stored under US government surveillance protocols as part of “legal” wiretapping of American suspects.

Via https://www.rt.com/russia/624254-messenger-transparent-security-agencies-kremlin/

Fight for the Pacific

Fight for the Pacific

Al Jazeera (2025)

Film Review

Typically (for Al Jazeera), this documentary is very pro-Western in its perspective. It mainly expresses concerns about China replacing the US and Europe as the primary influence in the South Pacific. It appears to support continued French occupation of New Caledonia to counter Chinese influence.

New Caledonia

It focuses heavily on New Caledonia, one of the few Pacific nations still under European (French) control. Its residents are extremely bitter about their continued colonization by France, as well as French military repression and high food prices and rents.

The New Caledonian independence movement, continues steady growth begun in the 1960s with the Kanak (indigenous Melanesian people of New Caledonia) Awakening. A unilateral decision by French president Macron to change the electoral roll (to minimize Kanak representation) led to widespread riots on May 13, 2024.

The French responded by deploying 7,000 troops and killing scores of Kanaks, including several on customary land reserved for indigenous Melanesian. The UN condemned the extreme violence of the French response.

The riots also severely disrupted the tourist industry, causing many Kanak to lose their jobs and become homeless.

Years of nickel mining exploitation has led many white New Caledonian resident sto look to China for economic support. In 2011, Caledonia exported 6.9% of their nickel to China. By 2022, this had increased to 63%.

Chinese diplomats object to claims by Western leaders that they just want to colonize and exploit New Caledonia and other Pacific nations. As a founding member of BRICS and the Shangai Cooperation Organization, China is firmly committed to a multipolar world order in which sovereign nations respect the sovereignty of other nations for their mutual benefit.

Vanuatu

Vanuatu (which was never invaded by Japan) has never really recovered from World War II, when it served as a base of operations for 100,000 US troops and engineers. The latter simply abandoned all their military vehicles, leaving behind massive pollution, from petroleum products, rusting vehicles, etc which persists to this day. Vanuatu gained independence from a joint Anglo-French condominium in 1980.

Solomon Islands

The Solomon Islands were a British colony until 1978. Recently they have moved closer to China with the hope of reducing unemployment and improving their standard of living. There’s even a Chinese Communist Party in the Solomons, and the filmmakers briefly interview their leader. In 2021, there were anti-Chinese riots led by Daniel Suidani, who served as the Premier of Malaita Province from June 2019 until his ouster in a no confidence vote in February 2023. He was subsequently charged with unlawful assembly. At the time of filming his trial was ongoing.

During Suidani’s tenure as Premier of Malaita Province, the Solomon Islands government officially switched diplomatic recognition from the Republic of China (Taiwan) to the People’s Republic of China. Suidani was highly critical of this decision, alleging that the Chinese government offered him bribes in exchange for political allegiance. Suidani, in turn, ha been accused of accepting bribes from the Taiwanese government.

Suidani is also concerned about a 2022 security agreement the Solomons signed with China that would allow them to have a military presence there.

China’s envoy to the Solomons scoffs at accusation China wishes to establish a “quasi” military base there. He points out that the US has 800 military bases (the real number is over 1,000) with 400 in the Pacific Islands.

The Defunct Weaponization of the U.S. Dollar. The SCO Summit and the Decline of the West’s Financial Hegemony.

For decades, these Western-controlled institutions have functioned as instruments of geopolitical leverage. Structural adjustment programs dismantled social protections, imposed privatization, and locked countries into cycles of debt dependency.

The dollar, presented as a neutral global currency, has been repeatedly weaponized through sanctions, financial exclusion, and manipulation of international payment systems. In this context, the SCO’s economic discussions must be seen for what they are: not technical proposals, but acts of resistance. By seeking alternatives to dollar-based finance and conditional lending, SCO members are asserting that the age of Western financial coercion is no longer uncontested.

China and Russia, the central actors in this process, have both experienced the coercive use of Western financial power.

Sanctions on Russia and tariffs on China have reinforced the urgency of building parallel institutions. For smaller states, particularly in the Global South, the stakes are even higher. Access to credit that is not tied to Washington’s geopolitical priorities could mean the difference between austerity and investment, between dependency and sovereignty. The SCO’s proposals are embryonic, but they point toward a broader trend: the emergence of multipolar finance as a shield against unilateral domination.

Critics in the West have rushed to dismiss these efforts, portraying them as impractical or politically motivated. But such dismissals miss the point. The very fact that alternatives are being openly discussed and partially implemented signals the weakening of Western monopoly. The creation of the BRICS New Development Bank, the use of local currencies in trade between Russia, China, and India, and now the SCO’s initiatives all mark a shift from rhetoric to practice. Each new mechanism reduces the ability of the United States to dictate terms unilaterally.

This does not mean China or Russia will replace Washington as the new hegemons. Rather, it means that unipolarity is ending. The world is moving toward a multipolar order in which no single state can control the flows of finance, trade, and development. For Global South nations, this creates both opportunities and risks. It offers the possibility of diversifying partnerships and rejecting conditionality, but it also requires vigilance to avoid reproducing dependency under new patrons. Multipolarity is not a guarantee of justice, but it is a necessary precondition for breaking the cycle of Western domination.

The SCO summit should therefore be understood as part of a larger civilizational struggle over the architecture of world order. Western hegemony has rested not only on military alliances and cultural influence, but on financial coercion. By weaponizing the dollar, Washington has sought to enforce compliance far beyond its borders. The SCO’s economic agenda represents an attempt to reclaim sovereignty in the face of this coercion, to create breathing space for states that refuse to align with U.S. geopolitical priorities.

What emerges from Beijing is not a fully formed alternative, but a direction of travel. Multipolar institutions are being built step by step, challenging the illusion that Western institutions are eternal or indispensable. For countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, this is a call to action. It is an invitation to participate in the shaping of a world where development is not dictated from Washington or Brussels, but negotiated among equals.

The mainstream media will continue to focus on parades and symbols, but the real revolution is occurring in the realm of finance. The SCO summit was a reminder that the West’s monopoly on money and credit is cracking, and that the future of global order will be defined not by a single hegemon but by the collective efforts of states refusing to submit. For those seeking peace, justice, and sovereignty, this is a development to be welcomed, nurtured, and defended.

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Via https://www.globalresearch.ca/sco-summit-decline-western-financial-hegemony/5899668

Israel bombs more Gaza City high-rises after forced evacuation orders

Palestinians inspect the ruins of their homes destroyed by the Israeli army in the al-Amal neighbourhood of Khan Younis in southern Gaza on September 6, 2025 [Abdallah FS Alattar/Anadolu]

Al Jazeera

6 Sep 2025

The Israeli army is systematically destroying remaining infrastructure as it moves to seize Gaza’s largest urban centre.

The Israeli army has bombed another high-rise in Gaza City after telling Palestinian residents to evacuate or face being killed amid its ongoing siege and imposed mass starvation in the enclave.

The Israeli military designated more high-rise towers as targets in a map released on Saturday. Shortly after releasing the map, it bombed the 15-storey Soussi Tower, which is located opposite a building belonging to the United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees (UNRWA) in the Tal al-Hawa neighbourhood.

“These attacks are causing panic amongst the people, especially considering the time they are given to evacuate. Half an hour or an hour is not enough time for people to escape from these buildings,” Al Jazeera’s Hani Mahmoud said, reporting from Gaza City.

The Israeli military said in a statement, without offering evidence, that the buildings struck were used by Hamas to gather intelligence to monitor the locations of the Israeli army. It also said armed Palestinian groups planted “numerous explosive devices” and dug a tunnel in the area.

Gaza’s Government Media Office rejected the claims and called them “part of a systematic policy of deception used by the occupation to justify the targeting of civilians and infrastructure” and forcibly displace Palestinians from their homes. It said 90 percent of Gaza’s infrastructure has been destroyed by Israel.

The targeted buildings were near the 12-storey Mushtaha Tower, which on Friday was similarly bombed and razed to the ground, as Israel moves to seize Gaza City despite international criticism.

At least 68 Palestinians were killed and 362 wounded across the Gaza Strip by the Israeli military over the past day, the enclave’s Ministry of Health said on Saturday afternoon.

The toll includes 23 aid seekers killed and 143 wounded by Israeli forces. At least six more Palestinians also died of Israeli-induced starvation, bringing the total number of starvation deaths during nearly two years of war to 382, including 135 children.

At least 64,368 Palestinians have been killed and 162,367 wounded by Israel since the start of the war in the aftermath of the Hamas-led attacks on southern Israel on October 7, 2023.

Sources at Nasser Hospital, located in southern Gaza’s Khan Younis, told Al Jazeera that at least two Palestinians were killed and many wounded in an Israeli air strike on a tent housing displaced people in the al-Mawasi area.

While this area was designated as a “humanitarian” or “safe” zone by the Israeli army early in the war, it has been repeatedly bombed, leading to the deaths of hundreds of displaced civilians.

Hours before the latest bombings, the Israeli army had announced the establishment of another similar zone in al-Mawasi, which runs along Gaza’s Mediterranean coast. It claimed the area will have infrastructure such as field hospitals, water lines, desalination facilities and food supplies.

Reporting from central Gaza’s Deir el-Balah, Al Jazeera’s Hind Khoudary said Palestinians do not trust the so-called humanitarian area as tents in similar zones have been attacked by Israel many times before and nowhere is safe.

But people in Gaza City have few options: If they stay, they risk being killed, and if they leave, they face dangers on the road and may have to spend considerable money to move their belongings south.

Those who have returned to their homes in Gaza City’s Zeitoun neighbourhood, where Israeli forces withdrew recently after weeks of ground assaults, have found everything they owned destroyed.

“What we have built in 50 years was flattened in five days,” resident Aqeel Kishko told Al Jazeera. “Nothing remains standing – buildings, roads and infrastructure. We are walking not only on ruins but also on dead bodies of our loved ones.”

Nohaa Tafish said it would be impossible for Gaza’s largest urban centre to be revived.

“What would people return to? There is nothing to return to,” she said.

Ahmed Rihem also had his home in Gaza City reduced to rubble. “It is as if the entire Zeitoun neighbourhood was hit with a nuclear bomb,” he said.

[…]

Via https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/9/6/israel-bombs-more-gaza-city-high-rises-after-forced-evacuation-orders